苏州博物馆
周庄
杭州西溪湿地
中国美术学院象山校区
in january, danish architecture firm schmidt hammer lassen won the design
competition for ‘ecobay’ a new town located near tallinn, the capital city of
estonia. located on a peninsula, the town looks out over the baltic sea.
SHL hope to turn the new town into a vibrant community complete with
housing, schools, local shops, businesses and daycare centres. as the
name suggests, ‘ecobay’ is being driven by a sustainable mandate. so far
this mandate has led to a number of design decisions. for instance,
by mixing facilities of different function within the community, the need for
transportation is reduced. wind farms, geo-thermal heating and
hydro electricity will also all be implemented on varying scales. the town’s
layout is also specifically designed to deal with harsh winds and maximize
solar gain. over the next 15-20 years, ‘ecobay’ will be home to 6,000 people
living and working citizens.
via:http://shl.dk
Postulate
Masterplanning for a New City in Quingpu, Shanghai.
VERTICAL TERRITORIALITY
The growth of cities, their influences and the mask which they define on the whole grounds must be reconsidered.
Extending a city should be no longer at the expense of arable land. Economic concerns that guide the new urban issues must be able to coincide with the Same concerns that have established practices for cultivation before the development of cities.
NESSIE project newly supplies the territory with oxygen thanks to the built towers which take place at the heart of the history of the territory.The towers have an open-aired column in their centers which allow oxygenation to go to the lower layer. Oxygenation, development of bacteria in these old asphyxiated strata, it can regenerate a necessary ecosystem to the superficial layers where life andvegetation grow. Groundwater, regulations, redevelopment, their bacteriological regulations in an autonomous way. And it can provide a healthy home to human activities, flora and fauna to immersed areas around the extension of the new town.
photo:via seiwooo
IF you want to know more about it, please go to this website:http://www.seiwooo.com/Project-Nessie
光圈是摄影创作最重要的摄影元素之一,除了控制进光量来满足曝光需要外,也是获得特定艺术效果的重要手段。
⒈大光圈和成像质量的对立统一。一般情况下,大光圈时成像质量相对较差,不过新一代镜头最大光圈时的成像质量已大为改善,充分利用大光圈的成像特点可获得与众不同的图像。由于此时景深小,便于清晰反映某一特定区域而其他部位相对虚化,突出主体。照度较差时,如手持相机拍摄,采用大光圈可使用高速快门,防止机震影响成像清晰度。一些摄影者很少使用最大光圈,通常只用f5.6、f4,要充分发挥大光圈的特点,则要敢于使用最大光圈,如大口径标准镜头光圈完全可用f1.8、f1.4等最大光圈,中长焦镜头则应敢于使用最大光圈f2.8,此时配合摄距、背景与主体的距离(背景与主体的距离越远,大光圈形成的虚化背景效果就越明显,反之亦然)等,可将大光圈的效果充分体现出来。或许最大光圈拍摄的成像质量没有中等光圈来得好,但这方面损失和所得到的艺术效果相比较仍然值得。
⒉虚化背景。虚化背景时通常选择大光圈或长焦镜头,至于光圈究竟多大才算合适呢?实际上,除了200mm甚至焦距更长的远摄距镜头外,通常都要使用最大光圈。使用标准镜头拍摄不妨选择最大光圈f2.8甚至f1.4,只有这样才有可能获得别具一格的韵味,真正将主体与背景明显分离。由于数码相机景深相对比较大,如不采用最大光圈,主体很难突出。
⒊小光圈和长景深。利用小光圈获得大景深是拍摄风光片时常常采用的方法,但这还要和镜头焦距、摄距等因素相结合。如用长焦镜头,在2-3米摄距时,即使用f32光圈,也不会获得很大景深。换言之,只要被摄对象和背景都处于无限远,即使光圈较大,也会有很大的景深。
⒋光圈大小因题材而异。在人物摄影中,常常用到大光圈,而风光摄影使用小光圈机会较多。拍摄溪流,为表现流水的动感,需要采用1/8-1/2秒这样的慢速度,不采用小光圈必然导致曝光过度;逆光拍摄波光舟影等,如采用到f22、f32这样的小光圈,水面细小的波光会产生类似加用星光镜的效果;拍摄焰火等题材,由于需要1/2秒-1秒曝光时间才能完美地表现焰火形状,因此也需要选择小光圈。
⒌小光圈宜配合三脚架使用。拍摄静物风光等题材使用小光圈,对成像清晰度要求比较高。在中等照度下采用f22光圈,快门速度常常在1/30秒左右,没有三脚架,手持相机拍摄,往往会因机震、人体生理运动等因素而影响清晰度,因此在照度较低时使用小光圈,要充分利用各种依托物,合理握持相机。如使用数码相机,可提高感光度以做补救。
French firm archi5 has been announced winner of the International Master Plan Competition for Stockholm’s Nya Årstafältet neighborhood. Archi5’s winning proposal ‘Arkipelag’ has been a collaboration with landscape architect Michel Desvigne. The master plan covers 260 acres of which 2,260,000 sf will be used for office space and 4,300,000 sf for residential.